UniqueGut™ PROBIOTICS (50 billion Active cells) “Scientifically formulated - backed by research”

 

Detail Description of Probiotics, Prebiotics, Postbiotics, and Digestive Enzymes

Pediococcus pentosaceus

Key Benefits

  • Helps maintain a balanced gut microbiota
  • Contributes to a stable microbial environment
  • Supports normal immune system function
  • Supports normal digestive function

References

  1. Dong, F. et al. Pediococcus pentosaceus CECT 8330 protects DSS-induced colitis and regulates the intestinal microbiota and immune responses in mice. J. Transl. Med. 20, 33 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-022-03235-8
  2. Shin, M. S., Han, S. K., Ryu, J. S., Kim, K. S. & Lee, W. K. Isolation and partial characterization of a bacteriocin produced by Pediococcus pentosaceus K23–2 isolated from Kimchi. J. Appl. Microbiol. 105, 331–339 (2008).
  3. Kompramool, S. et al. Genomic insights into Pediococcus pentosaceus ENM104: A probiotic with potential antimicrobial and cholesterol-reducing properties. Antibiotics 13, 813 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13090813
  4. Qi, Y. et al. Pediococcus pentosaceus: screening and application as probiotics in food processing. Front. Microbiol. 12, 762467 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.762467 

Pediococcus acidilactici

Key Benefits

  • Suitable for use in dietary supplement and food applications
  • Contributes to maintaining a balanced microbial environment
  • Supports normal gastrointestinal barrier function
  • Supports normal immune system function
  • Helps maintain a balanced gut microbiota
  • Supports normal digestive function
  • Supports gastrointestinal comfort
  • Supports overall well-being

References

  1. Balgir, P. P. et al. In vitro and in vivo survival and colonic adhesion of Pediococcus acidilactici MTCC 5101 in human gut. Biomed. Res. Int. 2013, 583850 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/583850
  2. Srinivas, R. et al. Pediococcus acidilactici as a next-generation probiotic: potential health applications and functional mechanisms. LWT–Food Sci. Technol. 154, 112765 (2022).
  3. Kho, K. et al. The potential of Pediococcus acidilactici cell-free supernatant as a preservative in food packaging materials. Foods 13, 644 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13050644
  4. Afraei, M. et al. Innovative applications of pediocin in food preservation: a natural alternative to chemical additives—a review. Microbe 8, 100452 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microb.2025.100452
  5. Khorshidian, N. et al. Antibacterial activity of pediocin and pediocin-producing bacteria against Listeria monocytogenes in meat products. Front. Microbiol. 12, 709959 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.709959
  6. Dong, A. et al. Dietary Pediococcus acidilactici improves the intestinal functions by regulating inflammatory genes and microbiota in aged laying hens. Front. Microbiol. 16, 1530319 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1530319
  7. Feng, P. et al. Human supplementation with Pediococcus acidilactici GR-1 decreases heavy metal levels through modifying the gut microbiota and metabolome. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 8, 63 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-022-00326-8
  8. Wu, L. et al. Integrated microbiome and metabolomics analysis reveals the alleviating effect of Pediococcus acidilactici on colitis. Front. Vet. Sci. 12, 1520678 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2025.1520678
  9. de Oliveira Vieira, K.C. et al. Orange juice containing Pediococcus acidilactici CE51 modulates the intestinal microbiota and reduces induced inflammation in a murine model of colitis. Sci. Rep. 13, 18513 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45819-4
  10. Benjak Horvat, I., Gobin, I., Kresović, A. & Hauser, G. How can probiotics improve irritable bowel syndrome symptoms? World J. Gastrointest. Surg. 13, 923–940 (2021). https://doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v13.i9.923
  11. Wollny, T. et al. Targeting the gut microbiota to relieve the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. Pathogens 10, 1545 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10121545
  12. García Mansilla, M.J. et al. Exploring gut microbiota imbalance in irritable bowel syndrome: potential therapeutic effects of probiotics and their metabolites. Nutrients 17, 155 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17010155
  13. Zhao, M., Zhang, Y., Li, Y., Liu, K., Bao, K. & Li, G. Impact of Pediococcus acidilactici GLP06 supplementation on gut microbes and metabolites in adult beagles: a comparative analysis. Front. Microbiol. 15, 1369402 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1369402
  14. Aparicio-Pascual, D., Clemente-Suárez, V.J., Tornero-Aguilera, J.F. & Rubio-Zarapuz, A. The effect of probiotic supplementation on cytokine modulation in athletes after a bout of exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. Open 11, 58 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-025-00860-7

Lactobacillus gasseri

Key Benefits

  • Helps support gut microbiota balance
  • Helps support normal digestive function
  • Contributes to maintaining a balanced microbial environment
  • Helps support normal digestion of dietary components
  • Helps support vaginal and urinary tract health
  • Helps support normal immune function and overall wellness

References

  1. Lebeer, S., Vanderleyden, J. & De Keersmaecker, S.C.J. Genes and molecules of Lactobacillus supporting probiotic action. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 72, 728–764 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00017-08
  2. Qian, G. et al. Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC33323 affects the intestinal mucosal barrier to ameliorate DSS-induced colitis through the NR1I3-mediated regulation of E-cadherin. PLoS Pathog. 20, e1012541 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012541
  3. Roos, S. et al. Therapeutic value of Lactobacillus gasseri 345A in chronic constipation. Neurogastroenterol. Motil. 37, e70012 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.70012
  4. Mei, Z. & Li, D. The role of probiotics in vaginal health. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 12, 963868 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.963868
  5. Zheng, N., Guo, R., Wang, J., Zhou, W. & Ling, Z. Contribution of Lactobacillus iners to vaginal health and diseases: a systematic review. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 11, 792787 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.792787
  6. Muzaffar, K., Jan, R., Bhat, N.A., Gani, A. & Shagoo, M.A. Commercially available probiotics and prebiotics used in human and animal nutrition. In Advances in Probiotics (eds. Dhanasekaran, D. & Sankaranarayanan, A.) 417–435 (Academic Press, 2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822909-5.00025-3
  7. Liu, P., Lu, Y., Li, R. & Chen, X. Use of probiotic lactobacilli in the treatment of vaginal infections: in vitro and in vivo investigations. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 13, 1153894 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1153894
  8. Nishihira, J., Nishimura, M., Moriya, T., Sakai, F., Kabuki, T. & Kawasaki, Y. Lactobacillus gasseri potentiates immune response against influenza virus infection. In Immunity and Inflammation in Health and Disease (eds. Chatterjee, S., Jungraithmayr, W. & Bagchi, D.) 249–255 (Academic Press, 2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-805417-8.00020-2 

Enterococcus faecium

Key Benefits

  • Supports digestive health
  • Supports metabolic health
  • Supports overall wellness

References

  1. Greuter, T., Michel, M.C., Thomann, D., Weigmann, H. & Vavricka, S.R. Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind and open-label studies in the treatment and prevention of acute diarrhea with Enterococcus faecium SF68. Front. Med. (Lausanne) 7, 276 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.00276
  2. Singhal, N., Maurya, A.K., Mohanty, S., Kumar, M. & Virdi, J.S. Evaluation of bile salt hydrolases, cholesterol-lowering capabilities, and probiotic potential of Enterococcus faecium isolated from rhizosphere. Front. Microbiol. 10, 1567 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01567
  3. Wu, Y., Zhen, W., Geng, Y. et al. Pretreatment with probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 ameliorates necrotic enteritis-induced intestinal barrier injury in broiler chickens. Sci. Rep. 9, 10256 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46578-x
  4. Palkovicsné Pézsa, N., Kovács, D., Gálfi, P., Rácz, B. & Farkas, O. Effect of Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 on gut barrier function, internal redox state, proinflammatory response and pathogen inhibition properties in porcine intestinal epithelial cells. Nutrients 14, 1486 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14071486
  5. Baccouri, O. et al. Probiotic potential and safety evaluation of Enterococcus faecalis OB14 and OB15, isolated from traditional Tunisian Testouri cheese and Rigouta, using physiological and genomic analysis. Front. Microbiol. 10, 881 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00881
  6. Shao, Y. et al. Pretreatment with probiotics Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium-induced gut injury through modulating intestinal microbiome and immune responses with barrier function in broiler chickens. J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. 13, 130 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-022-00765-5
  7. Ramsey, M., Hartke, A. & Huycke, M. The physiology and metabolism of enterococci. In: Gilmore, M.S., Clewell, D.B., Ike, Y. et al. (eds) Enterococci: From Commensals to Leading Causes of Drug-Resistant Infection (Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 2014). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK190432/

Bifidobacterium longum

Key Benefits

  • Helps support a balanced gut microbiota
  • Supports normal intestinal barrier function
  • Supports normal digestive function
  • Supports normal nutrient metabolism
  • Supports normal immune function and overall wellness
  • Supports digestive comfort and general well-being

References

  1. O'Callaghan, A. & van Sinderen, D. Bifidobacteria and their role as members of the human gut microbiota. Front. Microbiol. 7, 925 (2016). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00925
  2. Salli, K. et al. The effect of human milk oligosaccharides and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis Bi-26 on simulated infant gut microbiome and metabolites. Microorganisms 11, 1553 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11061553
  3. Abdulqadir, R., Engers, J. & Al-Sadi, R. Role of Bifidobacterium in modulating the intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier: current knowledge and perspectives. Curr. Dev. Nutr. 7, 102026 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.102026
  4. Yao, S., Zhao, Z., Wang, W. & Liu, X. Bifidobacterium longum: protection against inflammatory bowel disease. J. Immunol. Res. 2021, 8030297 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8030297
  5. Chaiyasut, C. et al. Probiotics supplementation improves intestinal permeability, obesity index and metabolic biomarkers in elderly Thai subjects: a randomized controlled trial. Foods 11, 268 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11030268
  6. Whisner, C.M. & Castillo, L.F. Prebiotics, bone and mineral metabolism. Calcif. Tissue Int. 102, 443–479 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-017-0339-3
  7. Duffuler, P., Bhullar, K.S. & Wu, J. Targeting gut microbiota in osteoporosis: impact of the microbial-based functional food ingredients. Food Sci. Hum. Wellness 13, 1–15 (2024). https://doi.org/10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250001
  8. Gavzy, S.J. et al. Bifidobacterium mechanisms of immune modulation and tolerance. Gut Microbes 15, 2291164 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2023.2291164
  9. Zhao, L. et al. Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum K5 alleviates inflammatory response and prevents intestinal barrier injury induced by LPS in vitro based on comparative genomics. J. Funct. Foods 92, 105030 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2022.105030
  10. Lenoir, M. et al. An 8-week course of Bifidobacterium longum 35624® is associated with a reduction in the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. Probiotics Antimicrob. Proteins 17, 315–327 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-023-10151-w
  11. Zhou, C. et al. Bifidobacterium longum alleviates irritable bowel syndrome-related visceral hypersensitivity and microbiota dysbiosis via Paneth cell regulation. Gut Microbes 12, 1782156 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2020.1782156
  12. Patterson, E. et al. Bifidobacterium longum 1714 improves sleep quality and aspects of well-being in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Sci. Rep. 14, 3725 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53810-w
  13. Tamayo, M. et al. Bifidobacterium longum CECT 30763 improves depressive- and anxiety-like behavior in a social defeat mouse model through the immune and dopaminergic systems. Brain Behav. Immun. 125, 35–57 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2024.12.028
  14. Fang, Z. et al. Bifidobacterium longum mediated tryptophan metabolism to improve atopic dermatitis via the gut-skin axis. Gut Microbes 14, 2044723 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2022.2044723 

Lactobacillus reuteri

  • Key Benefits
  • Supports general digestive and systemic well-being
  • Helps maintain a balanced microbiota
  • Supports normal gastrointestinal function
  • Supports normal immune system function
  • Has been studied for its role in supporting general wellness
  • Supports overall well-being
  • Supports normal metabolic processes
  • Supports vaginal and urinary tract health

References

  1. Liu, Z. et al. The impact of Lactobacillus reuteri on oral and systemic health: a comprehensive review of recent research. Microorganisms 13, 45 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13010045
  2. Peng, Y., Ma, Y., Luo, Z., Jiang, Y., Xu, Z. & Yu, R. Lactobacillus reuteri in digestive system diseases: focus on clinical trials and mechanisms. Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol. 13, 1254198 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1254198
  3. Mu, Q., Tavella, V. J. & Luo, X. M. Role of Lactobacillus reuteri in human health and diseases. Front. Microbiol. 9, 757 (2018). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00757
  4. Cleusix, V., Lacroix, C., Vollenweider, S. et al. Inhibitory activity spectrum of reuterin produced by Lactobacillus reuteri against intestinal bacteria. BMC Microbiol. 7, 101 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-7-101
  5. Peng, Y. et al. Lactobacillus reuteri in digestive system diseases: focus on clinical trials and mechanisms. Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol. 13, 1254198 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1254198
  6. Jiang, Z. et al. Research progress on Limosilactibacillus reuteri in diseases. Microbiol. Res. 276, 127482 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2023.127482
  7. Emara, M. H., Mohamed, S. Y. & Abdel-Aziz, H. R. Lactobacillus reuteri in management of Helicobacter pylori infection in dyspeptic patients: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Ther. Adv. Gastroenterol. 7, 4–13 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1177/1756283X13503514
  8. Dore, M. P., Cuccu, M., Pes, G. M., Manca, A. & Graham, D. Y. Lactobacillus reuteri in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Intern. Emerg. Med. 9, 649–654 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-013-1013-z
  9. Kumar, M. et al. Cholesterol-lowering probiotics as potential biotherapeutics for metabolic diseases. Exp. Diabetes Res. 2012, 902917 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/902917
  10. Liu, P., Lu, Y., Li, R. & Chen, X. Use of probiotic lactobacilli in the treatment of vaginal infections: in vitro and in vivo investigations. Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol. 13, 1153894 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1153894 

Lactococcus lactis

Key Benefits

  • Supports a healthy inflammatory response
  • Supports normal digestive processes
  • Helps maintain a balanced gut microbiota
  • Widely studied for use in food and nutrition applications
  • Supports normal intestinal barrier function
  • Supports normal metabolic processes and overall wellness

References

  1. Kim, J. H., Baek, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Lee, N. K. & Paik, H. D. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of heat-killed Lactococcus lactis KC24 via modulation of NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways in H₂O₂-stressed A549 cells. Microb. Pathog. 206, 107795 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107795
  2. Yang, Y., Zhao, Y. & Lei, H. Protective effects of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis HFY14 on the brain, intestines, and motor function of antibiotic-treated mice. Front. Microbiol. 15, 1418556 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1418556
  3. Maaty, S. E. et al. Probiotic potential and bioactive properties of Lactococcus lactis MSH-08 isolates from fermented dairy products: antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Appl. Food Res. 5, 100763 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.afres.2025.100763
  4. Shivani, T. M. & Sathiavelu, M. Comprehensive evaluation of bioactive properties and metabolomic profiling of probiotic bacteria Lactococcus lactis (MKL8). Sci. Rep. 15, 21430 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02327-x
  5. Pessione, E. Lactic acid bacteria contribution to gut microbiota complexity: lights and shadows. Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol. 2, 86 (2012). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2012.00086
  6. Ghosh, T., Beniwal, A., Semwal, A. & Navani, N. K. Mechanistic insights into probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria associated with ethnic fermented dairy products. Front. Microbiol. 10, 502 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00502
  7. Hemarajata, P. & Versalovic, J. Effects of probiotics on gut microbiota: mechanisms of intestinal immunomodulation and neuromodulation. Ther. Adv. Gastroenterol. 6, 39–51 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1177/1756283X12459294
  8. Su, A. C. Y. et al. Lactococcus lactis HkyuLL10 suppresses colorectal tumourigenesis and restores gut microbiota through its generated alpha-mannosidase. Gut 73, 1478–1488 (2024).
  9. Rastogi, S. & Singh, A. Gut microbiome and human health: exploring how the probiotic genus Lactobacillus modulates immune responses. Front. Pharmacol. 13, 1042189 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.1042189
  10. Kesuma, S. et al. Lactococcus lactis as an effective mucosal vaccination carrier: a systematic literature review. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 35, e2411036 (2025). https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2411.11036
  11. Bermúdez-Humarán, L. G. et al. Lactococci and lactobacilli as mucosal delivery vectors for therapeutic proteins and DNA vaccines. Microb. Cell Fact. 10, S4 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2859-10-S1-S4
  12. Tavares, L. M. et al. Novel strategies for efficient production and delivery of live biotherapeutics and biotechnological uses of Lactococcus lactis: the lactic acid bacterium model. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 8, 517166 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.517166
  13. Arukha, A. P. et al. Lactococcus lactis delivery of surface layer protein A protects mice from colitis by re-setting host immune repertoire. Biomedicines 9, 1098 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9091098 
  14. Luerce, T. D. et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of Lactococcus lactis NCDO 2118 during the remission period of chemically induced colitis. Gut Pathog. 6, 33 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1186/1757-4749-6-33
  15. Huang, C., Hao, W., Wang, X., Zhou, R. & Lin, Q. Probiotics for the treatment of ulcerative colitis: a review of experimental research from 2018 to 2022. Front. Microbiol. 14, 1211271 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1211271
  16. Li, C., Peng, K., Xiao, S. et al. The role of Lactobacillus in inflammatory bowel disease: from actualities to prospects. Cell Death Discov. 9, 361 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41420-023-01666-w
  17. Liu, J. et al. Limosilactobacillus reuteri consumption significantly reduces total cholesterol concentration without affecting other cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr. Res. 117, 1–14 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2023.06.004
  18. Liao, P. H. et al. Lactobacillus reuteri GMNL-263 reduces hyperlipidaemia and heart failure in high-calorie diet-induced heart dysfunction in rats. J. Funct. Foods 20, 226–235 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2015.11.009
  19. Lu, M. et al. Prevention of high-fat diet-induced hypercholesterolemia by Lactobacillus reuteri Fn041 through promoting cholesterol and bile salt excretion and intestinal mucosal barrier functions. Front. Nutr. 9, 851541 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.851541 

Lactobacillus paracasei

Key Benefits

  • Lactobacillus paracasei is a probiotic microorganism commonly used to support general digestive health and overall well-being
  • Supports its presence in the gastrointestinal tract
  • Supports normal intestinal barrier function
  • Helps maintain a balanced gut microbiota
  • Participates in normal fermentation processes in the gut
  • Supports normal digestive function
  • Supports normal immune system function
  • Has been studied for its role in supporting general wellness

References

  1. Chandrasekaran, P., Weiskirchen, S. & Weiskirchen, R. Effects of probiotics on gut microbiota: an overview. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 25, 6022 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25116022
  2. Cai, Y. et al. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei LC86 mitigates age-related muscle wasting and cognitive impairment in SAMP8 mice through gut microbiota modulation and regulation of serum inflammatory factors. Front. Nutr. 11, 1390433 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1390433
  3. Corcoran, B. M., Stanton, C., Fitzgerald, G. F. & Ross, R. P. Survival of probiotic lactobacilli in acidic environments is enhanced in the presence of metabolizable sugars. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71, 3060–3067 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.6.3060-3067.2005
  4. Han, S. et al. Probiotic gastrointestinal transit and colonization after oral administration: a long journey. Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol. 11, 609722 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.609722
  5. Oliveira, M. et al. Lactobacillus paracasei reduces intestinal inflammation in adoptive transfer mouse model of experimental colitis. Clin. Dev. Immunol. 2011, 807483 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/807483
  6. Kim, W.-K. et al. Administration of Lactobacillus paracasei strains improves immunomodulation and changes the composition of gut microbiota leading to improvement of colitis in mice. J. Funct. Foods 52, 565–575 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2018.11.035
  7. Guo, J. et al. Effects of Lactobacillus paracasei JY062 postbiotic on intestinal barrier, immunity, and gut microbiota. Nutrients 17, 1272 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17071272
  8. Ren, S., Wang, C., Chen, A., Lv, W. & Gao, R. The probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei ameliorates diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli O8 via gut microbiota modulation. Front. Nutr. 9, 878808 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.878808
  9. Kim, S. K. et al. Role of probiotics in human gut microbiome-associated diseases. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 29, 1335–1340 (2019). https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1906.06064
  10. Tang, H., Huang, W. & Yao, Y. F. The metabolites of lactic acid bacteria: classification, biosynthesis and modulation of gut microbiota. Microb. Cell 10, 49–62 (2023). https://doi.org/10.15698/mic2023.03.792
  11. Nagpal, R. et al. Human-origin probiotic cocktail increases short-chain fatty acid production via modulation of mice and human gut microbiome. Sci. Rep. 8, 12649 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30114-4
  12. Mazziotta, C., Tognon, M., Martini, F., Torreggiani, E. & Rotondo, J. C. Probiotics mechanism of action on immune cells and beneficial effects on human health. Cells 12, 184 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12010184
  13. Minervini, F. Lactic acid bacteria | Lactobacillus spp.: Lactobacillus casei group. In Fuquay, J. W. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences 96–104 (Academic Press, 2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-374407-4.00261-2
  14. Aziz, N. & Bonavida, B. Activation of natural killer cells by probiotics. Forum Immunopathol. Dis. Therap. 7, 41–55 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1615/ForumImmunDisTher.2016017095
  15. Liu, C.-F., Chao, W.-Y., Shih, T.-W., Lee, C.-L. & Pan, T.-M. Enhancement of regulatory T cell maturation and Th1/Th2 balance through FOXP3 expression by Lactobacillus paracasei in an ovalbumin-induced allergic skin animal model. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 46, 10714–10730 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46100636
  16. Alwayli, D. et al. Adjuvant effect of Lactobacillus paracasei in sublingual immunotherapy of asthmatic mice. Pharmaceuticals 17, 1580 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17121580
  17. Xie, A. et al. Lactobacillus for the treatment and prevention of atopic dermatitis: clinical and experimental evidence. Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol. 13, 1137275 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1137275
  18. Lewis, E. D. et al. Efficacy of Lactobacillus paracasei HA-196 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 in alleviating symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Nutrients 12, 1159 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12041159
  19. Karen, C., Shyu, D. J. H. & Rajan, K. E. Lactobacillus paracasei supplementation prevents early life stress-induced anxiety and depressive-like behavior in maternal separation model—possible involvement of microbiota-gut-brain axis in differential regulation of microRNA124a/132 and glutamate receptors. Front. Neurosci. 15, 719933 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.719933
  20. Xu, M. et al. Lactobacillus paracasei CCFM1229 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CCFM1228 alleviate depression- and anxiety-related symptoms of chronic stress-induced depression in mice by regulating xanthine oxidase activity in the brain. Nutrients 14, 1294 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14061294

Lactobacillus rhamnosus

Key Benefits

  • Supports normal gastrointestinal function
  • Helps maintain a balanced intestinal microbiota
  • Supports vaginal and urinary tract health
  • Supports normal immune system function
  • Supports overall well-being

References

  1. Mathipa-Mdakane, M. G. & Thantsha, M. S. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus: a suitable candidate for the construction of novel bioengineered probiotic strains for targeted pathogen control. Foods 11, 785 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11060785
  2. Huang, R. et al. Lactobacillus and intestinal diseases: mechanisms of action and clinical applications. Microbiol. Res. 260, 127019 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2022.127019
  3. Szajewska, H. & Kołodziej, M. Systematic review with meta-analysis: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in children and adults. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 42, 1149–1157 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13404
  4. Alharbi, B. F. & Alateek, A. A. Investigating the influence of probiotics in preventing traveler’s diarrhea: meta-analysis based systematic review. Travel Med. Infect. Dis. 59, 102703 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102703
  5. Mei, Z. & Li, D. The role of probiotics in vaginal health. Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol. 12, 963868 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.963868
  6. Wickens, K. et al. A protective effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 against eczema in the first 2 years of life persists to age 4 years. Clin. Exp. Allergy 42, 1071–1079 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.03975.x
  7. Wu, Y.-J. et al. Evaluation of efficacy and safety of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in children aged 4–48 months with atopic dermatitis: an 8-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. 50, 684–692 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2015.10.003
  8. Feng, J. et al. Lactobacillus rhamnosus: an emerging probiotic with therapeutic potential for depression. Pharmacol. Res. 211, 107541 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107541
  9. Ansari, F. et al. The role of probiotics and prebiotics in modulating the gut-brain axis. Front. Nutr. 10, 1173660 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1173660 

Lactobacillus salivarius
Key Benefits

  • Able to withstand typical digestive conditions, supporting its presence in the gastrointestinal tract
  • Helps maintain a balanced gut microbiota
  • Supports normal immune system function
  • Supports oral and gastrointestinal health
  • Supports vaginal and urinary tract health
  • Supports a healthy inflammatory response
  • Supports overall skin health and general well-being

References

  1. Corcoran, B. M., Stanton, C., Fitzgerald, G. F. & Ross, R. P. Survival of probiotic lactobacilli in acidic environments is enhanced in the presence of metabolizable sugars. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71, 3060–3067 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.6.3060-3067.2005
  2. Hammes, W. P. & Hertel, C. Research approaches for pre- and probiotics: challenges and outlook. Food Res. Int. 35, 165–170 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0963-9969(01)00178-8
  3. Ding, Y. H. et al. The regulation of immune cells by Lactobacilli: a potential therapeutic target for anti-atherosclerosis therapy. Oncotarget 8, 59915–59928 (2017). https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.18346
  4. Messaoudi, S., Manai, M., Kergourlay, G., Prévost, H., Connil, N., Chobert, J.-M. & Dousset, X. Lactobacillus salivarius: bacteriocin and probiotic activity. Food Microbiol. 36, 296–304 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2013.05.010
  5. Zheng, D., Liwinski, T. & Elinav, E. Interaction between microbiota and immunity in health and disease. Cell Res. 30, 492–506 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-020-0332-7
  6. Ullah, H., Arbab, S., Tian, Y., Chen, Y., Liu, C.-Q., Li, Q. & Li, K. Crosstalk between gut microbiota and host immune system and its response to traumatic injury. Front. Immunol. 15, 1413485 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1413485
  7. Palm, N. W., de Zoete, M. R. & Flavell, R. A. Immune-microbiota interactions in health and disease. Clin. Immunol. 159, 122–127 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2015.05.014
  8. Li, C. et al. The role of Lactobacillus in inflammatory bowel disease: from actualities to prospects. Cell Death Discov. 9, 361 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41420-023-01666-w
  9. Kiu, L. Y. The gut-brain-skin axis and acne vulgaris: current understanding and the management implications. Clin. Dermatol. Rev. 9, 213–219 (2025). https://doi.org/10.4103/cdr.cdr_102_22
  10. Aiba, Y., Suzuki, N., Kabir, A. M., Takagi, A. & Koga, Y. Lactic acid-mediated suppression of Helicobacter pylori by the oral administration of Lactobacillus salivarius as a probiotic in a gnotobiotic murine model. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 93, 2097–2101 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.1998.00600.x
  11. Chen, Y. H. et al. Probiotic Lactobacillus spp. act against Helicobacter pylori-induced inflammation. J. Clin. Med. 8, 90 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8010090 

Bifidobacterium breve

Key Benefits

·       A probiotic microorganism commonly found in the human gastrointestinal tract

·       Participates in normal carbohydrate fermentation processes in the gut

·       Helps maintain a balanced gut microbiota

·       Supports normal intestinal barrier function

·       Supports digestive health

·       Supports normal immune system function

·       Supports overall well-being

References

  1. Samarra, A. et al. Breastfeeding and early Bifidobacterium-driven microbial colonization shape the infant gut resistome. Nat. Commun. 16, 6099 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61154-w
  2. O’Callaghan, A. & van Sinderen, D. Bifidobacteria and their role as members of the human gut microbiota. Front. Microbiol. 7, 925 (2016). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00925
  3. De Bruyn, F. et al. Combining Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis and human milk oligosaccharides synergistically increases short chain fatty acid production ex vivo. Commun. Biol. 7, 943 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-024-06628-1
  4. Niu, M.-M., Guo, H.-X., Cai, J.-W. & Meng, X.-C. Bifidobacterium breve alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice by maintaining the mucosal and epithelial barriers and modulating gut microbes. Nutrients 14, 3671 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14183671
  5. Motei, D. E. et al. Supplementation with postbiotic from Bifidobacterium breve BB091109 improves inflammatory status and endocrine function in healthy females: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-groups study. Front. Microbiol. 14, 1273861 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1273861
  6. Conterno, L., Fava, F., Viola, R. & Tuohy, K. M. Obesity and the gut microbiota: does up-regulating colonic fermentation protect against obesity and metabolic disease? Genes Nutr. 6, 241–260 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12263-011-0230-1
  7. Bozzi Cionci, N., Baffoni, L., Gaggìa, F. & Di Gioia, D. Therapeutic microbiology: the role of Bifidobacterium breve as food supplement for the prevention/treatment of paediatric diseases. Nutrients 10, 1723 (2018). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111723
  8. Ruiz, L., Delgado, S., Ruas-Madiedo, P., Sánchez, B. & Margolles, A. Bifidobacteria and their molecular communication with the immune system. Front. Microbiol. 8, 2345 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02345
  9. Li, Y. et al. Bifidobacterium breve protects the intestinal epithelium and mitigates inflammation in colitis via regulating the gut microbiota–cholic acid pathway. J. Agric. Food Chem. 72, 3572–3583 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08527

Bifidobacterium longum

Key Benefits  

  • A probiotic microorganism commonly found in the human gastrointestinal tract
  • Able to withstand typical digestive conditions, supporting its presence in the gut
  • Supports normal gastrointestinal barrier function
  • Participates in normal fermentation of dietary components in the gut
  • Supports digestion and nutrient utilization
  • Supports normal immune system function
  • Supports normal metabolic processes
  • Supports overall well-being

References

  1. Dargenio, V. N. et al. Impact of Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis on pediatric gut health and nutrition: current evidence and future directions. Nutrients 16, 3510 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16203510
  2. Abdulqadir, R., Engers, J. & Al-Sadi, R. Role of Bifidobacterium in modulating the intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier: current knowledge and perspectives. Curr. Dev. Nutr. 7, 102026 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.102026
  3. Aleman, R. S., Moncada, M. & Aryana, K. J. Leaky gut and the ingredients that help treat it: a review. Molecules 28, 619 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020619
  4. Martorell, P. et al. Heat-treated Bifidobacterium longum CECT-7347: a whole-cell postbiotic with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and gut-barrier protection properties. Antioxidants 10, 536 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10040536
  5. Mills, S. et al. Efficacy of Bifidobacterium longum alone or in multi-strain probiotic formulations during early life and beyond. Gut Microbes 15, 2186098 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2023.2186098
  6. Yoon, S. J. et al. Bifidobacterium-derived short-chain fatty acids and indole compounds attenuate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating gut-liver axis. Front. Microbiol. 14, 1129904 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1129904
  7. Ooi, L. G. & Liong, M. T. Cholesterol-lowering effects of probiotics and prebiotics: a review of in vivo and in vitro findings. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 11, 2499–2522 (2010). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms11062499
  8. Schellekens, H. et al. Bifidobacterium longum counters the effects of obesity: partial successful translation from rodent to human. EBioMedicine 63, 103176 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103176
  9. Merkouris, E. et al. Probiotics’ effects in the treatment of anxiety and depression: a comprehensive review of 2014–2023 clinical trials. Microorganisms 12, 411 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12020411
  10. Fang, Z. et al. Bifidobacterium longum mediated tryptophan metabolism to improve atopic dermatitis via the gut-skin axis. Gut Microbes 14, 2044723 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2022.2044723
  11. Kang, S.-H., Park, Y.-J., Seong, H., Hwang, C.-Y. & Kim, C.-S. Probiotic consumption alleviates atopic dermatitis-related immune responses in association with gut microbial changes: in vitro and mouse model studies. J. Funct. Foods 121, 106428 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2024.106428
  12. Hoa, V.-B. et al. Daily supplementation with Bifidobacterium longum KACC91563 alleviates allergic contact dermatitis in an animal model. Foods 13, 2190 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13142190
  13. Kalliomäki, M. et al. Guidance for substantiating the evidence for beneficial effects of probiotics: prevention and management of allergic diseases by probiotics. J. Nutr. 140, 713S–721S (2010). https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.109.113761

Lactobacillus casei

Key Benefits

  • Supports general digestive health
  • Supports normal gut barrier function
  • Supports a balanced gut microbiota
  • Supports normal immune system function
  • Supports normal metabolic processes
  • Supports oral health
  • Supports overall well-being

References

  1. Dempsey, E. & Corr, S. C. Lactobacillus spp. for gastrointestinal health: current and future perspectives. Front. Immunol. 13, 840245 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.840245
  2. Deng, Z. et al. Lactobacillus casei protects intestinal mucosa from damage in chicks caused by Salmonella pullorum via regulating immunity and the Wnt signaling pathway and maintaining gut microbiota abundance. Poult. Sci. 100, 101283 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2021.101283
  3. Galdeano, C. M. & Perdigón, G. The probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus casei induces activation of the gut mucosal immune system through innate immunity. Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 13, 219–226 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1128/CVI.13.2.219-226.2006
  4. Kim, Y.-G. et al. Probiotic Lactobacillus casei activates innate immunity via NF-κB and p38 MAP kinase signaling pathways. Microbes Infect. 8, 994–1005 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2005.10.019
  5. Rocha-Ramírez, L. M. et al. Evaluation of immunomodulatory activities of the heat-killed probiotic strain Lactobacillus casei IMAU60214 on macrophages in vitro. Microorganisms 8, 79 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8010079
  6. Drissi, F., Raoult, D. & Merhej, V. Metabolic role of lactobacilli in weight modification in humans and animals. Microb. Pathog. 106, 182–194 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2016.03.006
  7. Inchingolo, F. et al. The benefits of probiotics on oral health: systematic review of the literature. Pharmaceuticals 16, 1313 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16091313
  8. Kopacz, K. & Phadtare, S. Probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Healthcare 10, 1450 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10081450
  9. Maftei, N.-M. et al. The potential impact of probiotics on human health: an update on their health-promoting properties. Microorganisms 12, 234 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12020234
  10. Darbandi, A. et al. The effect of probiotics on respiratory tract infection with special emphasis on COVID-19: systematic review 2010–2020. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 105, 91–104 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.011
  11. Zhang, Y., Xu, Y., Hu, L. & Wang, X. Advancements related to probiotics for preventing and treating recurrent respiratory tract infections in children. Front. Pediatr. 13, 1508613 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2025.1508613
  12. Li, C. et al. The role of Lactobacillus in inflammatory bowel disease: from actualities to prospects. Cell Death Discov. 9, 361 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41420-023-01666-w
  13. Rochat, T., Bermúdez-Humarán, L., Gratadoux, J. J. et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of Lactobacillus casei BL23 producing or not a manganese-dependent catalase on DSS-induced colitis in mice. Microb. Cell Fact. 6, 22 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2859-6-22 

Lactobacillus plantarum

Key Benefits

  • Supports general digestive health
  • Helps maintain a balanced gut microbiota
  • Supports normal intestinal barrier function
  • Supports a healthy inflammatory response
  • Supports normal immune system function
  • Supports normal metabolic processes
  • Supports overall skin health
  • Supports overall well-being

References

  1. Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka, K., Daca, A., Folwarski, M., Witkowski, J. M., Bryl, E. & Makarewicz, W. The role of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v in supporting treatment of selected diseases. Cent. Eur. J. Immunol. 45, 488–493 (2020).
  2. Fidanza, M., Panigrahi, P. & Kollmann, T. R. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum—Nomad and ideal probiotic. Front. Microbiol. 12, 712236 (2021).
  3. Chen, L., Gu, Q., Li, P., Li, Y., Song, D. & Yang, J. Purification and characterization of plantaricin ZJ316, a novel bacteriocin against Listeria monocytogenes from L. plantarum ZJ316. J. Food Prot. 81, 1929–1935 (2018).
  4. Yang, X. et al. Screening, probiotic properties, and inhibition mechanism of a Lactobacillus antagonistic to Listeria monocytogenes. Sci. Total Environ. 906, 167587 (2024).
  5. Vieco-Saiz, N. et al. Benefits and inputs from lactic acid bacteria and their bacteriocins as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters during food-animal production. Front. Microbiol. 10, 57 (2019).
  6. Wang, J. et al. Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum promotes intestinal barrier function by strengthening the epithelium and modulating gut microbiota. Front. Microbiol. 9, 1953 (2018).
  7. Liu, Y., Liu, G. & Fang, J. Progress on the mechanisms of Lactobacillus plantarum to improve intestinal barrier function in ulcerative colitis. J. Nutr. Biochem. 124, 109505 (2024).
  8. Wang, J. et al. Lactobacillus plantarum exhibits antioxidant and cytoprotective activities in porcine intestinal epithelial cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2021, 8936907 (2021).
  9. Zou, S. et al. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum A72, a strain with antioxidant properties obtained through ARTP mutagenesis, affects Caenorhabditis elegans anti-aging. Foods 13, 924 (2024).
  10. Ducrotté, P., Sawant, P. & Jayanthi, V. Clinical trial: Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (DSM 9843) improves symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. World J. Gastroenterol. 18, 4012–4018 (2012).
  11. Liu, Y. et al. Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 alleviates irritable bowel syndrome and prevents gut microbiota dysbiosis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot clinical trial. Engineering 7, 376–385 (2021).
  12. Neverovskyi, A. et al. Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum may reduce cardiovascular risk: An experimental study. ARYA Atheroscler. 17, 1–10 (2021).
  13. Padró, T. et al. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains KABP011, KABP012, and KABP013 modulate bile acids and cholesterol metabolism in humans. Cardiovasc. Res. 120, 708–722 (2024).
  14. Tsai, W. H. et al. Regulatory effects of Lactobacillus plantarum-GMNL6 on human skin health by improving skin microbiome. Int. J. Med. Sci. 18, 1114–1120 (2021).
  15. Zhu, R. et al. Psychobiotic Lactobacillus plantarum JYLP-326 relieves anxiety, depression, and insomnia symptoms in test-anxious college students via modulation of gut microbiota and its metabolism. Front. Immunol. 14, 1158137 (2023).
  16. Davis, D. et al. Lactobacillus plantarum attenuates anxiety-related behavior and protects against stress-induced dysbiosis in adult zebrafish. Sci. Rep. 6, 33726 (2016). 

Lactobacillus fermentum

Key Benefits

  • Able to withstand typical digestive conditions, supporting its presence in the gastrointestinal tract
  • Helps maintain a balanced gut microbiota
  • Supports normal digestive function
  • Supports normal immune system function
  • Supports normal metabolic processes
  • Supports a healthy inflammatory response
  • Supports vaginal and urinary tract health
  • Supports overall well-being

References

  1. Sarita, B., Samadhan, D., Hassan, M.Z. & Kovaleva, E.G. A comprehensive review of probiotics and human health: current perspective and applications. Front. Microbiol. 15, 1487641 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1487641
  2. Mikelsaar, M. & Zilmer, M. Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3—an antimicrobial and antioxidative probiotic. Microb. Ecol. Health Dis. 21, 1–27 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1080/08910600902815561
  3. Anjana & Tiwari, S.K. Bacteriocin-producing probiotic lactic acid bacteria in controlling dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 12, 851140 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.851140
  4. Anumudu, C.K., Miri, T. & Onyeaka, H. Multifunctional applications of lactic acid bacteria: enhancing safety, quality, and nutritional value in foods and fermented beverages. Foods 13, 3714 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13233714
  5. Ismael, M., Huang, M. & Zhong, Q. The bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria and the promising applications in promoting gastrointestinal health. Foods 13, 3887 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13233887
  6. Pelton, R. Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3: a breakthrough in glutathione therapy. Integr. Med. (Encinitas) 21, 54–58 (2022). PMID: 36644601
  7. Zhao, Y. et al. Lactobacillus fermentum and its potential immunomodulatory properties. J. Funct. Foods 56, 21–32 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2019.02.044
  8. Yuan, Z. et al. Lactobacillus fermentum ZC529 protects intestinal epithelial barrier integrity by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Antioxidants 14, 732 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14060732
  9. Palani Kumar, M.K., Halami, P.M. & Serva Peddha, M. Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum MCC2760-based probiotic curd on hypercholesterolemic C57BL6 mice. ACS Omega 6, 7701–7710 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c00045
  10. Simons, L.A., Amansec, S.G. & Conway, P. Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum on serum lipids in subjects with elevated serum cholesterol. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 16, 531–535 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2005.10.009
  11. Park, M.R. et al. Probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum strain JDFM216 improves cognitive behavior and modulates immune response with gut microbiota. Sci. Rep. 10, 21701 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77587-w
  12. Yoon, Y., Kim, G. & Noh, M.G. et al. Lactobacillus fermentum promotes adipose tissue oxidative phosphorylation to protect against diet-induced obesity. Exp. Mol. Med. 52, 1574–1586 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-020-00502-w
  13. Falagas, M.E., Betsi, G.I., Tokas, T. & Athanasiou, S. Probiotics for prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections in women: a review of microbiological and clinical studies. Drugs 66, 1253–1261 (2006). https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-200666090-00007
  14. Gupta, V., Mastromarino, P. & Garg, R. Effectiveness of prophylactic oral and/or vaginal probiotic supplementation in the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin. Infect. Dis. 78, 1154–1161 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad766
  15. Liu, Y.-W. et al. Lactobacillus fermentum PS150 showed psychotropic properties by altering serotonergic pathway during stress. J. Funct. Foods 59, 352–361 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2019.05.043
  16. Foster, J.A., Rinaman, L. & Cryan, J.F. Stress and the gut-brain axis: regulation by the microbiome. Neurobiol. Stress 7, 124–136 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2017.03.001 

Streptococcus thermophilus

Key Benefits

  • Supports normal digestion of dietary components
  • Supports gastrointestinal comfort
  • Supports normal intestinal barrier function
  • Supports normal immune system function
  • Supports a healthy inflammatory response
  • Supports overall skin health
  • Supports normal metabolic processes
  • Supports overall well-being

References

  1. Gobbetti, M. & Calasso, M. Streptococcus: Introduction. In Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology, 2nd edn (eds Batt, C.A. & Tortorello, M.L.) 535–553 (Academic Press, 2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384730-0.00324-4
  2. Yamamoto, E. et al. Effect of lactose hydrolysis on the milk-fermenting properties of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus 2038 and Streptococcus thermophilus 1131. J. Dairy Sci. 104, 1454–1464 (2021).
  3. Kolling, G.L. et al. Lactic acid production by Streptococcus thermophilus alters Clostridium difficile infection and in vitro Toxin A production. Gut Microbes 3, 523–529 (2012). https://doi.org/10.4161/gmic.21757
  4. Hu, J.-S., Huang, Y.-Y., Kuang, J.-H., Yu, J.-J., Zhou, Q.-Y. & Liu, D.-M. Streptococcus thermophilus DMST-H2 promotes recovery in mice with antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Microorganisms 8, 1650 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111650
  5. Virk, M.S. et al. The anti-inflammatory and curative exponent of probiotics: a comprehensive and authentic ingredient for the sustained functioning of major human organs. Nutrients 16, 546 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16040546
  6. Sharma, S. et al. Probiotics in irritable bowel syndrome: a review article. Cureus 15, e36565 (2023). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.36565
  7. Hadad, S.E. et al. In vivo evidence: repression of mucosal immune responses in mice with colon cancer following sustained administration of Streptococcus thermophilus. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 28, 4751–4761 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.090
  8. Moradi-Kalbolandi, S. et al. The role of mucosal immunity and recombinant probiotics in SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development. Probiot. Antimicrob. Proteins 13, 1239–1253 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-021-09773-9
  9. Cristofori, F., Dargenio, V.N., Dargenio, C., Miniello, V.L., Barone, M. & Francavilla, R. Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of probiotics in gut inflammation: a door to the body. Front. Immunol. 12, 578386 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.578386
  10. Nazemian, V. et al. Probiotics and inflammatory pain: a literature review study. Middle East J. Rehabil. Health Stud. 3, e36087 (2016). https://doi.org/10.17795/mejrh-36087
  11. Fong, W., Li, Q. & Yu, J. Gut microbiota modulation: a novel strategy for prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. Oncogene 39, 4925–4943 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41388-020-1341-1
  12. Lombardi, F. et al. Efficacy of probiotic Streptococcus thermophilus in counteracting TGF-β1-induced fibrotic response in normal human dermal fibroblasts. J. Inflamm. 19, 27 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12950-022-00324-9
  13. Gao, T. et al. The role of probiotics in skin health and the gut–skin axis: a review. Nutrients 15, 3123 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143123
  14. Zhao, M. et al. Immunological mechanisms of inflammatory diseases caused by gut microbiota dysbiosis: a review. Biomed. Pharmacother. 164, 114985 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114985
  15. Augello, F.R. et al. Streptococcus thermophilus CNCM I-5570 lysate counteracts the aging process in human dermal fibroblasts by neutralizing free radicals and modulating antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways. Biomed. Pharmacother. 185, 117975 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2025.117975
  16. Berding, K. et al. Diet and the microbiota–gut–brain axis: sowing the seeds of good mental health. Adv. Nutr. 12, 1239–1285 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmaa181
  17. Pintarič, M. & Langerholc, T. Probiotic mechanisms affecting glucose homeostasis: a scoping review. Life 12, 1187 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/life12081187
  18. Socała, K. et al. The role of the microbiota–gut–brain axis in neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders. Pharmacol. Res. 172, 105840 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105840 

PREBIOTICS

L-Citrulline 

  • Helps support the body’s natural nitric oxide production pathways
  • Helps support normal circulation and vascular function
  • Helps support exercise-related energy and endurance
  • Helps support normal muscle function and recovery
  • Helps support overall metabolic and cardiovascular wellness

References

  1. Schwedhelm, E. et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of oral L-citrulline and L-arginine: impact on nitric oxide metabolism. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 65, 51–59 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2007.02980.x
  2. Figueroa, A., Alvarez-Alvarado, S., Jaime, S.J. & Kalfon, R. L-citrulline supplementation attenuates blood pressure, wave reflection and arterial stiffness responses to metaboreflex and cold stress in overweight men. Br. J. Nutr. 116, 279–285 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114516001811
  3. Pérez-Guisado, J. & Jakeman, P.M. Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness. J. Strength Cond. Res. 24, 1215–1222 (2010). 

Inulin 

  • Inulin is a naturally occurring soluble dietary fiber
  • Supports digestive health
  • Helps maintain a balanced gut microbiota
  • Participates in normal fermentation processes in the gut
  • Supports normal intestinal function
  • Supports normal metabolic processes
  • Supports overall well-being

References

  1. Hughes, R.L., Alvarado, D.A., Swanson, K.S. & Holscher, H.D. The prebiotic potential of inulin-type fructans: a systematic review. Adv. Nutr. 13, 492–529 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmab119
  2. Liu, F., Prabhakar, M., Ju, J., Long, H. & Zhou, H.W. Effect of inulin-type fructans on blood lipid profile and glucose level: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 71, 9–20 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2016.156
  3. Kolida, S. & Gibson, G.R. Prebiotic capacity of inulin-type fructans. J. Nutr. 137, 2503S–2506S (2007)
  4. Fernandes, R. et al. Effects of inulin-type fructans, galacto-oligosaccharides and related synbiotics on inflammatory markers in adult patients with overweight or obesity: a systematic review. Clin. Nutr. 36, 1197–1206 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2016.10.003 

DIGESTIVE ENZYME BLEND

Protease

  • Proteases are enzymes involved in the normal breakdown of dietary proteins
  • Support normal digestive processes
  • Support normal protein metabolism
  • Support overall digestive health

References

  1. López-Otín, C. & Bond, J.S. Proteases: multifunctional enzymes in life and disease. J. Biol. Chem. 283, 30433–30437 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.R800035200
  2. Ianiro, G., Pecere, S., Giorgio, V., Gasbarrini, A. & Cammarota, G. Digestive enzyme supplementation in gastrointestinal diseases. Curr. Drug Metab. 17, 187–193 (2016). https://doi.org/10.2174/138920021702160114150137 

Amylase

  • Amylase is an enzyme involved in the normal breakdown of dietary carbohydrates
  • Supports normal digestive processes
  • Supports normal carbohydrate metabolism
  • Supports overall digestive health

References

  1. Annamalai, J., Ganesan, S., Murugan, K. & Janjaroen, D. Recent breakthroughs set by fungal enzymes in the biosynthesis of nanoparticles. In Nanobiotechnology for Plant Protection: Fungal Cell Factories for Sustainable Nanomaterials Productions and Agricultural Applications (ed. Abd-Elsalam, K.A.) 131–162 (Elsevier, 2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-99922-9.00014-3
  2. Qu, Y., Tinker, K.M., Madden, E.N., Best, C.H., Farmar, J.G. & Garvey, S.M. Comparative evaluation of amylases in the oral phase of the INFOGEST static simulation of oro-gastric digestion. Food Res. Int. 203, 115887 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115887
  3. Erta, G., Gersone, G., Jurka, A. & Tretjakovs, P. The link between salivary amylase activity, overweight, and glucose homeostasis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 25, 9956 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25189956 

Lipase

  • Lipase is an enzyme involved in the normal breakdown of dietary fats
  • Supports normal digestive processes
  • Supports normal fat metabolism
  • Supports overall digestive health

References

  1. Ahmed, S., Shah, P. & Ahmed, O. Biochemistry, Lipids. In StatPearls (StatPearls Publishing, 2025). Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK525952/ (updated 2023 May 1)
  2. Reddy, P. & Jialal, I. Biochemistry, Fat Soluble Vitamins. In StatPearls (StatPearls Publishing, 2025). Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534869/ (updated 2022 Sep 19)
  3. Randegger, S. et al. Low plasma pancreatic lipase as a novel predictor of nutritional target achievement and response to nutritional interventions in malnourished inpatients: secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. Clin. Nutr. 47, 196–203 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2025.02.029 

Beta Glucanase

  • Beta-glucanase is an enzyme involved in the normal breakdown of certain dietary fibers
  • Supports normal digestive processes
  • Supports normal carbohydrate metabolism
  • Supports overall digestive health

References

  1. Edo, G. I. et al. Beta-glucan: an overview of biological activities, derivatives, properties, modifications and current advancements in food, health and industrial applications. Process Biochem. 147, 347–370 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2024.09.011
  2. Nagano, T. et al. High-viscosity dietary fibers modulate gut microbiota and liver metabolism to prevent obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 298, 139962 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.139962 

ANTIOXIDANT

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ-10)

  • Coenzyme Q10 is a naturally occurring, vitamin-like compound found in the body
  • Participates in normal cellular energy-related processes
  • Supports normal mitochondrial function
  • Supports overall cellular health
  • Supports general metabolic function
  • Supports overall well-being

References

  1. Littarru, G. P. & Tiano, L. Clinical aspects of coenzyme Q10: an update. Nutrition 26, 250–254 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2009.08.008
  2. Rabanal-Ruiz, Y., Llanos-González, E. & Alcain, F. J. The use of coenzyme Q10 in cardiovascular diseases. Antioxidants 10, 755 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10050755 

POSTBIOTICS

Postbiotics are non-viable microbial components and metabolic byproducts generated during microbial fermentation. These substances may include enzymes, peptides, organic acids, and other microbial-derived components commonly used in food and dietary supplement applications. Postbiotics are valued for their stability and consistency and have been studied for their role in supporting general wellness.

Unlike live probiotics, postbiotics:

  • Characterized by a defined chemical composition
  • Are stable ingredients with a long shelf life
  • Do not require refrigeration or live microorganism preservation
  • Are non-viable microbial components used in food and dietary supplement applications
  • Have been studied for their role in supporting general wellness
  • Provide a consistent and convenient way to incorporate microbial-derived components without the need to maintain live cultures
  1. Hill, C. et al. The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic. Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 11, 506–514 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2014.66
  2. Pimentel, T. C. et al. Postbiotics: an overview of concepts, inactivation technologies, health effects, and driver trends. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 138, 199–214 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2023.06.009
  3. Aguilar-Toalá, J. E. et al. Postbiotics: an evolving term within the functional foods field. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 75, 105–114 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2018.03.009
  4. Salminen, S. et al. The International Scientific Association of Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of postbiotics. Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 18, 649–667 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-021-00440-6

Warnings & Disclaimers

*Dietary Supplement. These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.